Research Article
Uma Nair, Nicole Rios, Taylor Trunzo, Hemangi Patel, Jennifer Kue
AM J QUALITATIVE RES, Volume 10, Issue 4, pp. 1-19
ABSTRACT
Compared to their heterosexual counterparts, sexual and gender diverse populations (SGD; also known as LGBTQ+) are less likely to be screened for breast and/or cervical cancer. This is despite evidence that sexual minority women (lesbians and bisexuals) and transgender men (who have a cervix) have an increased risk for cervical cancer. Similarly, breast cancer risk is higher in transgender women (on hormone replacement therapy) compared to cisgender men. Unique barriers play a role in low screening rates, and interventions tailored to address these barriers in SGD/LGBTQ+ adults eligible for breast and cervical cancer screenings are imperative for cancer health equity. The study objective was to identify variables (e.g., barriers, facilitators) associated with uptake of breast (mammography) and cervical (Pap test) cancer screenings in SGD populations aged 25-70 years of age. N=13 individuals identifying as part of the SGD community were recruited from a large metropolitan area in the Southern United States. An interview guide using theoretical underpinnings of minority stress model was developed and used to conduct in-depth interviews to systematically identify multi-level factors associated with screening practices. Thematic analysis identified three major themes: barriers, identity-related stress, and facilitators to screening. Limited cancer screening knowledge, low perceived risk, previous negative experiences with gynecological care, trauma, stigma, and identity concealment negatively impacted screening engagement. Affirming and trauma-informed providers and inclusive healthcare environments were facilitators that increased trust to participate in recommended cancer screenings. Results indicate the need to develop and test multi-level trauma-informed interventions for this population.
Keywords: Breast cancer, Cervical cancer, Sexual and Gender Diverse, LBTQ+, Stigma, Minority Stress
Research Article
Jacqueline Jevtich, Amanda Ruth-McSwain
AM J QUALITATIVE RES, Volume 10, Issue 4, pp. 20-41
ABSTRACT
Social media influencing has gained attention as a viable, and even lucrative, career path, particularly among Generation Z (Gen Z). Despite its growth, the influencer industry faces significant challenges, including lack of standardized practices, unequal pay, and psychological strains. Through qualitative methods, including in-depth interviews and focus groups, this study explores the career motivations, trajectories, and experiences of both professional and aspiring influencers. By examining how influencers perceive and define careers in social media, the study provides a rich understanding of the factors that contribute to career pursuits while highlighting the business, emotional, and educational demands associated with influencer work. Findings also underscore the need for ethical standards, educational frameworks, mentorship, and professional support to strengthen influencer career development. Ultimately, the findings inform the creation of formal frameworks, ethical guidelines, and educational resources that may contribute to greater legitimacy, preparation, and long-term sustainability within the evolving influencer profession and creator economy.
Keywords: Social Media Influencing, Professionalization, Influencer Education, Entrepreneurial Identity, Creator Economy, and Qualitative Research
Research Article
Ann Marie Davis, Tara Zolnikov
AM J QUALITATIVE RES, Volume 10, Issue 4, pp. 42-57
ABSTRACT
Approximately 60 percent of adults in America report experiencing at least one adverse childhood experience (ACE), with some having as many as two or all of the following: abuse, neglect, and dysfunction in the home. This issue is more pronounced in women, who hold only 6% of international leadership positions. ACEs affect psychological and emotional development, and later, they may affect leadership styles and decision-making processes. In this study, the main objective was to explore how women leaders described the influence of childhood trauma on their well-being, coping mechanisms, and experiences in the workplace. It assumed a qualitative phenomenological study design and submitted semi-structured interviews to 22 identified women leaders in the United States. The study participants were women who self-identified as having unresolved childhood trauma. The findings exposed that trauma fosters resiliency, a will to succeed, and benevolence. There can be problems in emotional control, trust development, and work-life balance. The researchers discovered that adversity and trauma are sources of strength and continuous challenges. The need to develop trauma-informed coursework in leadership has been highlighted in this paper as urgent.
Keywords: Women leaders, adverse childhood experiences, resilience, trauma-sensitive leadership, qualitative research
Research Article
Xifan Yang, Morgan Payne, Yingwei Yang, Charmaine DM Royal
AM J QUALITATIVE RES, Volume 10, Issue 4, pp. 58-78
ABSTRACT
Racial disparities often lead to health disparities among racial and ethnic minorities, affecting overall health and quality of life. Additionally, racial and ethnic minorities report more perceived racism and discrimination, which is also significantly associated with negative health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore how college students understand and define racial equity using photovoice. This study engaged 11 college students in North Carolina through photovoice, a qualitative research method, which utilized photo-taking and discussions to explore U.S. college students’ perspectives on racial equity. Participants took 10-15 photos that represented their perspectives on racial equity. Following submission of the photos, a follow-up interview was conducted for participants to discuss the images, explain opinions on racial disparities, and provide recommendations for improving racial equity. Photos and photo discussions were transcribed, coded, and analyzed by the research team. This study identified five emerging themes, including 1) equal opportunities (e.g., high-quality educational opportunities, job opportunities, opportunity for success), 2) tangible support (e.g., large company support, community support), 3) social connectedness (e.g., working together, sharing and enjoying other cultures), 4) safe and inclusive environments (e.g., personal and environmental safety, inclusive environments), and 5) health justice (e.g., accessible health care, food security). The emerging themes identified in this study provide insights into how college students understand racial equity and might inform efforts to promote equity in college and community settings. Future research should continue exploring this topic and addressing racial equity concerns.
Keywords: Photovoice, community safety, young adults, participatory research, racial disparities, racism